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Science in Medicine: Exploring MRI, X-Rays, and Radiation Therapy
MRI Scanning
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed body images.
X-Rays
X-rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves that penetrate soft tissues but are absorbed by denser materials like bones.
Radiation Therapy
Uses high-energy radiation to destroy cancerous cells while sparing healthy tissue.
Applications in Diagnostics and Treatment
MRI
- Provides high-resolution images for diagnosing soft tissue conditions.
X-Rays
- Essential for detecting fractures and dental imaging.
Radiation Therapy
- Targets tumors with precision using techniques like gamma knives.
Example Problem
An X-ray machine operates at \(120 \, \text{kV}\) and generates a current of \(5 \, \text{mA}\). Calculate the power used.
- Formula:
\[ P = IV \] - Substitute Values:
\[ P = 5 \times 10^{-3} \cdot 120 \times 10^{3} = 600 \, \text{W} \]
Practice Questions
- Explain the role of magnetic fields in MRI scanning.
- Describe how X-rays are used in medical imaging.
- Calculate the energy used by an X-ray machine operating for \(30 \, \text{s}\) at \(600 \, \text{W}\).